Perinatology, also known as maternal-fetal medicine, is a branch of medicine that focuses on the health of the mother and fetus during pregnancy, especially in high-risk cases. As a subspecialty of obstetrics, perinatology involves the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of complications that may arise for both the mother and baby throughout the pregnancy.

Perinatology focuses on both pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related maternal and fetal health issues. Below are some of the primary conditions managed by perinatologists:

Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Conditions:

• Heart Disease: Existing heart conditions can pose risks during pregnancy. Close collaboration with a cardiologist and careful management are essential.
• High Blood Pressure (Hypertension): Pre-existing or pregnancy-induced hypertension can lead to complications such as preeclampsia. Regular monitoring and appropriate treatment are crucial.

Pregnancy-Related Complications:

• Preeclampsia: Characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, this condition poses serious risks to both mother and baby, requiring early diagnosis and close monitoring.
• Abnormal Screening Results: Tests such as the double, triple, or quad screening assess the risk of genetic and structural anomalies. Abnormal findings may necessitate further evaluation.
• Fetal Growth Restriction: When the fetus’s growth is slower than expected, identifying the underlying cause and taking appropriate measures are vital.
• Placental Issues: Conditions like placenta previa (placenta covering the cervix) or placental abruption (separation from the uterine wall) can be severe and require early detection and intervention.

By consulting our hospital’s specialized doctors, you can gain more insight into these conditions and the available treatments.

Perinatologists closely monitor the health of both mother and baby throughout pregnancy. They aim to identify unusual conditions early, implement necessary precautions, and ensure the well-being of both the expectant mother and the fetus. Some of the common evaluations and tests conducted by perinatologists include:

First-Trimester Screening (Double Marker Test):
This test measures specific proteins and hormones in the mother’s blood to assess the risk of Down syndrome and other genetic conditions. It is typically performed in early pregnancy as a key step in genetic screening.

Second-Trimester Screening (Triple Marker Test):
In addition to blood hormone and protein levels, this test incorporates ultrasound data to evaluate risks for conditions such as Down syndrome, Trisomy 18, and neural tube defects.

Gestational Diabetes Screening:
This screening identifies the risk of gestational diabetes during pregnancy. It often involves a glucose tolerance test to measure blood sugar levels.

Ultrasound:
Ultrasound imaging assesses fetal growth, organ development, and overall conditions within the uterus. It is also crucial for validating the findings of first- and second-trimester screenings.